Business English

kieszonkowy poradnik 

biznesowo-językowy

Business English

Vocabulary Booster

Basic Legal English

Dear Readers,

Welcome again to BEM’s series of essential language guides. The booklet you’re holding is a self-study dictionary, which contains some of the most useful words and phrases related to the world of legal English. We are sure that it will provide a great boost to your vocabulary and will be useful not only in your professional life.

essential – niezbędny

guide – przewodnik

booklet – książeczka

resource – materiał

boost – zwiększenie, przyspieszenie

Kieszonkowy poradnik biznesowo-językowy

Opracowanie: Bartosz Zieleźnik

Colorful Media ul. Lednicka 23, 60-413 Poznań

tel. 61 833 63 28, redakcja@business-english.com.p

Zdjęcie na okładce: mVit

accused | a person or persons charged in a court of law | oskarżony
action | a lawsuit in which one party (or parties) sues another | powództwo
to adjudicate | to settle or determine a legal issue or dispute | orzekać, wyrokować
administrative law | the body of law that governs the activities of administrative agencies of government | prawo administracyjne
agency | the situatiuon when one person or party engages another to act for them | pośrednictwo, pełnomocnictwo
agreement | an arrangement that is accepted by all arties or a document describing such an arrangement | porozumienie
alternative dispute resolution (ADR) | means for disagreeing parties to come to an agreement without litigation | alternatywna forma rozwiązywania sporów
arbitration | the settling of differences between parties by a person chosen or agreed to by them | arbitraż
armed robbery | a robbery in which the perpetrator is armed with a dangerous weapon | rozbój z bronią w ręku
arson | the crime of setting fire to buildings or other property | podpalenie
articles of association (US: articles of incorporation) | the document containing the constitution and regulations of a registered company | statut spółki
assault | an unlawful physical attack on someone | napaść
assignee | a person to whom some right or interest is transferred | beneficjent
assignor | a person who transfers a claim, property, etc. to another person | cedent
attorney | a lawyer or attorney-at-law; the official name for a lawyer in certain jurisdictions | prawnik, adwokat
balance of probabilities | the standard of proof required in all civil cases | dowodowy standard prawdopodobieństwa
bankruptcy law | the body of law that deals with the legally declared inability of an individual, organizations or businesses to pay their creditors | prawo upadłościowe
barrister (GB) | a lawyer who is a member of one of the English Inns of Court | adwokat
battery | the use of force against another person | napaść, pobicie
board of directors | a body of elected members who oversee the activities of a company or organization | rada nadzorcza, zarząd
breach of contract | a situation in which an agreement is not honoured by one or more of the parties | naruszenie warunków umowy
breaching party | the side of an agreement which does not honour it | strona naruszająca warunki umowy
burden of proof | a duty of a civil or criminal defendant to prove or disprove a disputed fact | ciężar dowodu
burglary | the criminal offense of breaking and entering a building for the purpose of committing a crime | włamanie
business entity (GB) | a group of people legally organized for a profitable or charitable purpose | przedsiębiorstwo, podmiot gospodarczy
to charge | to accuse somebody formally or explicitly | oskarżyć
chattels | movable articles of personal property | mienie ruchome, osobiste
civil case | a noncriminal lawsuit, usually involving private property rights | sprawa cywilna
civil code | a collection of laws designed to deal with the areas of private law | kodeks cywilny
civil law | the branch of law settling disputes between individuals or organizations | prawo stanowione
civil wrong | any act for which a legal action for damages may be brought | szkoda nie powstała w wyniku przestępstwa
claimant (US: plaintiff) | the party who initiates a lawsuit | powód
clause | a section of a legal document | klauzula
commercial law (corporate law) | the body of law that governs business and commercial transactions | prawo handlowe
common law (case law, judge-made law) | law developed by judges through decisions of courts and tribunals | prawo precedensu, zwyczajowe
community service order | an order of the court requiring the offender to carry out work for the community | nakaz przymusowej pracy na rzecz społeczeństwa
company law | the branch of law dealing with businesses and organizations | prawo o spółkach
comparative law | the study of differences between the legal systems of different countries | prawo porównawcze
compensation | something given as an equivalent for debt, loss, injury, etc. | rekompensata, odszkodowanie
compensatory damages | a sum of money awarded in a civil action by a court to recompense a person for the loss | odszkodowanie kompensacyjne
conflict of laws | a set of procedures that determines which legal system applies to a given dispute | kolizja przepisów prawnych
consideration | the legal value in a contract | świadczenie
constitutional law | the body of law which defines the relationship between different entities within a country | prawo konstytucyjne
constructive dismissal | the situation which occurs when employees resign from work because of their employer's behavior | wymuszone zwolnieniesię z pracy
conveyance | the documentation of the transfer of land ownership | przeniesienie prawwłasności
conviction | the act of finding a person guilty of a crime | skazanie, uznanie winy w procesie karnym
corporal punishment | a physical punishment that involves the infliction of pain as recompensation for an offence | kara cielesna
counsel | a lawyer giving legal advice and conducting a case in court | adwokat, prawnik reprezentujący stronę w sprawie
counter-offer | an offer made by a person who rejects an unsatisfactory offer | kontroferta
court | a person whose task is to supervise, hear and submit decisions on legal cases | sąd
covenant | an agreement to perform or refrain from a specified action | umowa, zobowiązanie
creditor | a person or firm to whom money is due; a party that has a claim to the services of a second party | wierzyciel
crime | the breach of rules or laws | przestępstwo

Resources:

Introduction to International Legal English, Cambridge 2009

http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/

http://www.dictionary.reference.com